In recent years, environmental issues have raised the demand to protect the environment against the pollution caused by the uncontrolled spillage of lubricating oils. One solution is using Environmentally Acceptable Lubricants (EALs), however, these oils are more expensive than the common mineral oils. The consumers require to test the oil performance using test machines but testing in real machines is costly and time-consuming. Small test machines like ball-on-disc have been previously used for friction mapping and ranking gear oils. In this paper, the friction maps are measured from 0.65 GPa to 1.25 GPa, and temperature maps are devised to experimentally simulate the gear contact along the line of action. Results illustrate that EALs can provide up to 60 % better frictional efficiency that leads to 20 oC cooler oil temperature in high-pressure contacts operating under elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) regime.
Bayat, R., & Lehtovaara, A. (2020). Friction and temperature mapping of environmentally acceptable gear oils. Tribologia – Finnish Journal of Tribology, 37(3−4), 4–12. https://doi.org/10.30678/fjt.96048 (open access)