Our work demonstrates a unique sequential attraction-repulsion in gold nanoparticles under in situ TEM imaging. This finding offers entirely new possibilities for manipulating interparticle distance and properties for advanced photonic and plasmonic nanodevices. Read more about this finding published in Small: In Situ TEM Imaging Reveals the Dynamic Interplay Between Attraction, Repulsion and Sequential Attraction-Repulsion in Gold Nanoparticles