This study looked at the moisture behaviour of different timber-framed wall assemblies in Finnish outdoor climate. The objective was to determine the effect of water vapour resistance of the inner surface and the material properties of other layers of the assembly on the behaviour of the wall assembly. Wall assemblies were studied in the laboratory using building physical research equipment. This study also examined the building physical properties of 42 materials as a function of temperature and relative humidity. Moreover, comparisons were made between the measurement results from wall assembly experiments and the results from modelling the change in the thermal and moisture conditions of tested wall assemblies.