The research unit of structural engineering at Tampere University of Technology and the HVAC Laboratory at Helsinki University of Technology carried out a large scale field study in 2002–2004 on the indoor and outdoor climates, indoor moisture supply, ventilation rates and air-tightness of 100 Finnish timber-framed detached houses. Two log houses were also studied. The studied houses differed from each other in terms of, for instance, age, ventilation type and structural solutions. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of different structural solutions and ventilation systems on indoor air quality, temperature and humidity conditions, airtightness of the building envelope and energy consumption.